Wrench



(No Model.)

o. s. DHB WITT.

WRENCH.

No. 391,588. Patented Oo. 23, 1888,

N/PETERS. Pholwumogmphnr, Walhngtun. D. C

NrTnn rATnsarena rrrcia CALEB S. DE WITT, OF LOCKPOR'F, lLLINOlS.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 391,588, dated October 23,1888.

Application filed March 2l, 1887. Renewed August 13, 1888. Serial No. 282,641. (No model.)

T0 @ZZ wwm, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CALEB S. Dn WITT, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Lockport, in the county of lVill and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in a differential wrench, which is fully set forth and explained in the following specification and claim, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and the letters and figures of reference thereon, which form a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a side View of the wrench complete. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section of the wrench-handle and a portion of its inner jaw and sleeved shank, and a side plan View of its outer jaw, its bar, and a portion of the sleeved shank of the inner jaw. Fig. 3 is a side View of the outer section of the handle detached from its inner section. Figs. 4 and 5 are crosssectional views taken, respectively, on linesl and 2 of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, B represents the bar of the wrench, which has a heavy screwthread, S, cut in its end entering the handle, and also has the outer jaw, J', integral with its outer end, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. J represents the inner jaw of the wrench, having an integral elongated hollow shank, R, and is sleeved on bar B, as shown inthe drawings. Shank R extends back into the handle and has a fine serewthread,E,cut on its extending end, as shown in Figs. 2.

D and D' represent the handle, which is made in two parts and united in such manner that they can be rotated independent from each other. (See Fig. 2.) The inner section, D', of said handle is formed with an annular serew-threaded neck, F, tted on the screwthreaded end E of shank R, the extreme end of said neck being unthreaded and of sufficient size to project over shank B, beyond said screw-threads E. The remaining portion of said handle-section is chambered for the reception of the fellow handle-section. The outer section, D, of said handle has its forward end, O, offset and reduced in diameter sufficiently to be fitted into the chamber of section D', as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and has an annular groove, l, formed in said reduced part, into which the lugs Z are forced, which serve to unite said handle parts and at the same time permit them to rotate independently from each other.

S is an annular screw threadedl section within and integral with said handlesection D, and is 'fitted on the screw-threaded end of bar B in such manner as to operate said bar when said handlesection is rotated. In the rear of said screwthreaded section said handlesection is chambered for the purpose of giving space for the washer l?, which is secured to the end of bar B by means of a screw, said washer being for Athe purpose of engaging the shoulder of,V screw-threaded section S to prevent the bar B from moving out too far, and through the end of handle-section D is an aperture, through which said washer is introduced and secured, and a screwplug,0, fitted in said aperture, closes it and excludes dirt and dust from the interior of' the handle.

Referring to Fig. 4, Z' represents lugs,which are formed as a part of handlesection D', and are arranged in such position as to be over channel I of handlesection D. Vhen said parts are together, the `said lugs Z' are subj ected to pressure sufficiently to force them in the opposite direction into said channel I, thus forming the lugs Z, the metal from which the handle parts are constructed being of such nature to thus bend.

B' represents a portion of bar B, adjacent to jaw J', and is rectangular in cross-section, and is fitted into a corresponding section, B', of shank R, adjacent to jaw J, (see Figs. 2 and 5,) which forni of said parts at that place in creases strength and prevents rotation of the bar B in shank B. The jaws J and J', as represented, are adapted for use in gripping and turning square objects. If desired, a second pair of toothed jaws arranged opposite jaws J and J', such as is shown at G and G' in Fig. 2, maybe used for gripping and turning round objects.

In operation tliejaw J' of the wrench is adjusted either from or to jaw J by means of ro tating handlesection D, (see dotted lines in Fig. 1,) which, by means of its annular screwe threaded section S' turning on the bar-screw S, works bar B out or in, carrying with it jaw J', and, as said screw is of heavy pitch, said adjustment is rapid. After the required adjustment is made, as described, and it is desired to get a very tight grip on the object t0 which the adjustment was made, the inner handle-section,D', is rotated backward or to theleft, which bringsinto action the fine screwthreads E E of shank R, and said handle-section, which forces jaw J out and closes upon the object with a very tight grip, (see dotted lines in Fig. 2,) and thus an object may be gripped and held as firm as when placed in a vise.

As a means of uniting the two handlesections D and D', pins or screws may be set through the shell of section D' and entered into channel I, which would be a mechanical equivalent for the lugs Z Z', as shown.

To prevent the hands from slipping when operating the wrench, the two handle-sections are knurled, as shown in Fig. 1, and by the use of such knurling the wrench is considerably beautified.

It will be observed, first, that the screwthreads in this wrench are all within the handle and not exposed to View or dirt, thus leaving the exterior of the wrench plain, even, and symmetrical; second, that the larger the object the wrench is adjusted to the greater the leverage gained at the handle, as jaw J moves from the handle when adjusted out; third, that the inner jaw, J, is given great strength by means of the magnitude of its shank R; and, fourth, by the use of such cylindrical shank R the neck of the wrench is given great strength, placed in a neat compact form. The handle-sections are provided with pinholes V, as shown, for the insertion of apin or lever for rotating said sections to cause the jaws to more rmly grip the object than can be done by simply grasping the handle, said pin or lever being shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is las follows, to wit:

The combination of bar B, having the jaw J', and shank R, having the jaw J and respectively provided with the differential eX- terior screw-threads, S and E, as described,and

the handle-sections D D', rotatably secured.'

together and respectively provided with the annular differential screw-threads, as setforth, and adapted t0 be independently rotated to adjust said jaws, in the manner substantially as and for the purpose specified.

CALEB S. DE WITTb Witnesses.

. Trios. H. HUTcHINs, WM. J. HU'rcHins. 

